These are both Anglophone translations of the true Mandarin and Nihango terms. Most likely the pompom term (hana fusa) did not originate in Tokyo and is a loan word to the national language from another regional language along the dialect train.

The difference between a pompom velvet head and a lionhead and lionchu is that the pompom velvet ball has growth on its nose rather than its head. If fact the lionchu is a tangent in an entirely different direction. This exponent is the subject of another article entirely.

The extent of the nasal septum growth in pompom velvet head vary along different strains and generations of this engineered species.

For brevity the pompom moniker seems to resonate with most observers outside the China Japan proximity. So, for now pompom and velvet ball will be used interchangeably.

It really isn’t that note worthy to point out that the velvet ball pompom is of the fantailed fancy variety. However the focus of pompom is so great that these aspects are viewed as separate categories. And the definition of a new race of gold fish often is in the ad hoc reasoning of the observing group opinion rather than based in scientific fact.

None the less fantailed and velvet head are judged differently as subjects of different breeding standards. But it is important to remember that pompom are a man made mutation of the fantailed family.

Some pompom have growth that grown downward into what pervasive European American culture refers to affectionately as a ‘fumanchu’.

Some pompom have a dorsal fin, while others do not. When placing these fish with each other or other goldfish it is important to place the ones without a dorsal fin with other gold fish that also do not have a dorsal fin, and visa versa. This ensures the fair distribution of food within the pond or water garden.

The term hana fusa is also used for a sub variant of pompom called white pompom oranda. This leaves the English word pompom (often pronounced ‘pompon’ when used in reference to this fish), as the lingua franca language choice term for the standard of velvet ball world wide, before sub variety standards are taking under consideration.

Velvet ball records go back as far as 1898 in China. Pompon records in Europe date directly to 1936 when the fish were first displayed in fresh water aquariums as well as ponds in Europe around France and England.

Velvet ball pompom gold fish do have an interesting standard to look at. I am sure they find it peculiar looking at us outside the water, each time they swim up to eat the food bits we’ve dropped in the pond for them from on age of America into the next.

Being a goldfish breeder does not make one a geneticist.

Before modern mutations in the evolution of crucian carp themselves, these creatures were in-fact the type of carp that produced the initial yellow tint in the other wise gray carp breed into goldfish.

Crucian Carp in a fishtank

This breeding occurred by popular damming of the colorful variety into ponds and rice patches.

By the Song Dynasty the divergence of goldfish from gray carp and world dominant Crucian carp (the source of the yellow tint) was complete: A process that had begun to be a fade during the preceding Tung dynasty.

Crucian carp now represent all over the world, and they are kept in water gardens as pets. Koi, gold fish, and are more colorful. For this reason they are more often found in water gardens.

Crucian carp have been on the evolutionary move since the off shoot of goldfish, koi, and others.

They are much more hearty than many other fish. Although they often have a disk shape, more recent generations have grown longer in the wild making it more difficult for predators to swallow them.

They have been displaying a strong heterosis. Which means they are much smarter than their ancestors and even there parents were.

This means that they will out eat, live, and breed other local carp populations world wide.

In 2005 Crucian carp were observed to be the species with the tenth highest reproduction rate world wide.

To this point the research holds up to common sense scrutiny.

The physical attributes that many ‘experts’ claim to be markers of there external difference as a species from goldfish is not yet conclusive.

Things as simple as markings that disappear with age do NOT mean that a creature is a different species. This is what would be implied if this is one of the only definitions separating Crucian Carp from wild gold fish.

Crucian carp are not a different species simply due to fading markings, and small facial or fin variants. Look at the variants between gold fish.

The standard is if the off spring cannot reproduce after many natural pairings have been observed for several generations. Then it is a different species.

The Crucian carp is a wonderful addition to any water garden. How different they are from the carp sequestered in the ponds of the Tung Dynasty needs to be more publicly documented so the data can be scrutinised for motivation behind the research before it is widely accepted as fact that can be allowed to drift into what common sense takes for granted: Or loosely denoted as fact on wikipedia without greater scrutiny.

These beautiful fish are still yet to be proven a different species that carassius gibelio, (the wild gold fish) with greater clarity.

The Crucian carp (carassius carassius) is proving to be the heartiest of all the water garden species, or races. Not to mention they are kind of cute.

Although goldfish originate from the gibel carp of China, and genetic studies have been done on miniature carp off St Croix since they are similar to the original gold variant of the gibel; the wakin have been kept and raised in Japan for 500 years.

The popularity behind these fish is that when they are regularly fed they swim up to you at feeding time.

Wakin goldfish have a similar shape as the comet variety. Even though the bodies are slender, the tail is shaped differently.

Wakins can grow very long. The biggest on record is nearly eighteen inches in length. This kind of length is only found in well kept pond dwelling wakin.

In winter if your pond gets iced over, remember to cut something of a fishing whole in the ice. This hole is for oxygenation, and gas exchange.

With simple care like that, wakin have no trouble surviving the winter.

Wakin are not hibernators. Part of the neatness of having them in winter is that if the ice is clear enough youll be able to watch then swimming about the outdoor pond or water garden all winter long.

Anubias, Crinum, Elodea and Java moss are good cold water choices for plants that will have a healthy gas exchange in the water with wakin.

The Java Moss is the best for wakin fry to hide out until they mature. For this breeding purpose java moss is really beneficial.

Only match wakin with fast swimming fish. Otherwise the wakin will starve out the slower fish.

This hearty goldfish almost shines in many colors like the legend of Josephs Electric Technicolor Dream Coat. The fantastic nymph goldfish bedazzles the human eye.

This Nymph goldfish is great in outdoor ponds. The real task is protecting them from other animals that will happen upon your water garden and note its location as a food source.

This fancy goldfish has a trimmer body than other fancies. It is important to not mix it in with the slower swimmers in the goldfish variety plethora. It will get to the food quicker, and starve out the other slower fish.

Giving the Nymph Goldfish plenty of water to swim in is important. Even outdoor ponds need at least ten gallons of water to begin to make there interesting animals viable.

Nymph Goldfish are usually available in sizes of eight to twelve cm from the mouth to the single caudal fin tail.

After the first carp were sectioned off in the rice patch ponds these resulting bronze colored goldfish were the first to show signs of coloration.

It is the innovation inherent in the curiosity of the human mind that wondered about selecting for color tendencies in this plain bronze scale exterior.

Some sat staring into the water at these bronze comets for a very long time.

The inherent I wonder what would happen if that comes natural to childhood boredom, and the fact that at those ages we have a lot of time on our hands had to result in the research eureka that lead to adult experimentation those ten to twenty centuries ago.

The Bronze Comet will last in nearly any temperature, as long as the water doesn’t freeze, and they have an adequate place to hide from predators. They also do very well indoors in fish tanks.

They will out eat the fancy varieties. So, only host them with other hearty koi, or goldfish.

This is admittedly neat to look at once the symmetrical artistic epiphany is achieved through inbreeding recipes, and variety specific bloodlines that have already been created. Often this careful inbreeding is maintained so that the mutation from inbreeding remains balanced in favor of the traits that are desirable.

In Japan this goldfish is call suihogan.

The bubble eye has been bred to have twin caudal fins, and no dorsal fin. There is a caveat to the dorsal fin. This caveat is relative to where you are personally from. Various breeding artists in China have selected for bubble eye with a dorsal fin. This variety has not yet become popular in the western world.

In the USA the competitive judging process of the Gold Fish Society of America disqualifies any bubble eyed gold fish with any indication of even a bump where the dorsal fin could be.

It is conceivable that through a long process of severe selection and breeding that one could develop a bubble eye like goldfish with a dorsal fin outside of China. But this is not the artistic epiphany associated with the bubble eye as we know it. That goldfish would be called something else like dorsal fin bubble eye, or some other interesting name in some lingua franca; (the proper linguistic term for any Language, Creole, or Pigeon that trade is done in).

The sacs of the bubble eye are the creatures most striking feature to the eyes and fingertips of the human people who observe them. These sacs are filled with liquid. They are extremely delicate. They are the main reason why these fish are tank fish and not suited for most out door ponds, or water gardens.

Only the most strictly maintained water garden can host them if every conceivable rough surface, and abrupt edge is constantly and instantly removed. This is nearly impossible in an outside pond. Tree branches and leaves fall into the water, roots in search of moisture pop up through the bottom of the pond. These are issues that make it impossible for there bubble eye goldfish to maneuver almost completely blind in the water world.

Essentially what these creatures are is a result of breeders selecting for a kind of blindness in goldfish because humans find it visually interesting. That is not a value judgment. It is however, one relative quotient of the whole fact.

The eyes of the Bubble Eye varieties, like the Celestial goldfish point upward. This makes it very hard for them to locate food. They will locate it. But they will loose out on food and starve out if they are placed in with heartier goldfish, and competitive, better adapted, natural fish varieties.

When feeding them pick slowly sinking food. This gives them plenty of time to see it. If they have to feel about for the food a greater risk of popping a sack is introduced.

Do not feed them food that floats. This may seem counter intuitive, but bubble eye goldfish have large stomachs in a relative way. This makes them susceptible to internal constipation and swim bladder discomfort from taking in air while they consume floating food. Completely soaking the food first can help the food not rest above the surface tension of the water.

Feeding bubble eye goldfish with swim bladder discomfort frozen green peas for a few days after a twenty four hour fast is a recommended way to nurse them back to health quickly.

Housing them with other less light dependent goldfish is ideal. Such as the kinds they were originally bred from: Telescope & Celestial goldfish.

Some of the bubble eye coloration is stable: While other color varieties are not as stable.

The black variety for example can loose its tone easily based on how much light it is exposed to. This is also true for the gold toned varieties.

The colors of the Bubble Eye varieties, can span from the previously mentioned rare black, to blue & brown (a.k.a. chocolate), calico, red & black, red, red & white, and gold tones.

If they do puncture a sac it will grow back but not as symmetrical as before.

It is important for these fish to have calm water to swim in. If you have intake and output machines regulating there water way, and nitrate levels at forty parts per million. It is important that the pressures are not too extreme. It is already difficult for these goldfish to swim with the sacks. So, lower pushes and pulls to and from the water system is ideal.

Bubble Eye varieties need to have a minimum of ten gallons of water. Some bigger ones need above fifty-one gallons to thrive.

The ideal temperature for Bubble Eye Goldfish color and fin varieties to live well is relatively warm. They do best in water that is seventy-six to seventy-eight degrees.In extremely clean continuously filtered water temperature can go as high as ninety-two degrees.

This beautiful bubble eye variety is the result of a long process of careful selection for a North American aesthetic.

One of the most popular pearlscale varieties is the Golf Ball goldfish. If the Golf Ball goldfish is put in an outdoor pond then leave them in there alone as a variety. This way they have a good chance at reaching food in the proportion you give it to them in.

The golf ball fish isn’t blind, so putting them in a pond with visually impaired fish would not be worth it. After taking the time to make sure that there are no abrupt edges in the pond at all; the sight impaired fish would simply be out swam to the food by the Golf Balls.

The blind or sight deflected fish maybe better swimmers, but unable to see the food as quickly. Golf Ball Pearlscale goldfish carp will be out swam to food by other fish varieties that can see as good but are made of a better swim design.

Not just golf ball pearlscale, but all perlscale goldfish have cramped internal organs.

For this reason an enthusiast needs to be careful what kind of food they are fed. This care will help them digest food better and live longer.

Feed them dry food flakes of pellets and the food will swell inside the fish causing internal cramping: possibly leading to death. Any food you feed these creatures must be thoroughly soaked before it is fed to them. This means soaking it before it hits the surface of the water. This way the proportion they eat will not expand inside themas it soaks up liquids inside the pearlscale goldfishes digestive track.

Hamanishiki are pearlscale goldfish with head growth. Breeders weed out fry mating the fish for head growth that is in one piece and round.

The non-head growth category of pearlscale goldfish are breed to have a body depth that is no less than 2/3^rd the body length.

For any of these pearlscale variants from Hamanishiki to Golf Ball a minimum of ten gallons of water is needed for an indoor or outdoor pond/ water garden. Much more water is preferred since these fish grow kinda big.

If the fish is injured and looses a scale, a regular scale will replace it.

There is some debate over whether or not the water needs to be calcium enriched to help the actual pearlscales of the fish themselves be stronger, healthier, and less prone to getting knocked free.

Pearscales are majestic and artistically inspiring to look at despite there very Spartan offspring selection process. They come in fascinating colors and make great citizens in city-state water garden ponds next to walk ways and in back yards across America.

The presumed original name for this pot bellied fish is Shu-xing. The name comes from the long revered legend of the God of longevity called Shu-Xing Gong by mankind.

One theory as to the Lionheads early popularity as a desired bred artistic epiphany is the robust belly and its ad hoc or anthropomorpha sized resemblance to the Laughing Buddha: Budai Qieci, Hasne, Louhan, Hotei, Angida as he is referred to depending on which reference point is used.

This depth has been standardized to be over ½ to about 5/8 the length of the Lionhead goldfish body.

Some experts say that these goldfish were bred to mimic the likeness of the artist rendering of the mythical lionhead dog; in order to impress the then Emperor Circa 1500 A.D. or before.

The coloration is rich. There are metallic colors and non metallic colors. Although the color white is for weddings in the United States the Chinese influence over color choices while breeding lionhead goldfish still out vote the non-Chinese native observer. In China white still represents death. For this reason the color is weeded out as a solid color in breed-line choices: Although there is a rare variety with a red cap and white body.

The metallic colors are orange, red, black, blue, and chocolate.

Lionhead iridescent coloration; the colors come paired and in three color combinations:

1. The color pairs are: Red & Black, and Red & White.
2. The trifecta is a combo of: Red x White x Black.
3. The last color combos are best described as Calico.

Lionhead goldfish are considered cute. The final result of breeding is cute, even if natures man made edits along the way have a few misspellings in them due to inbreeding.

These fish are among the fancy variety. The body of the lionhead goldfish is egg-shaped. So, making sure that food is thoroughly soaked, so that it doesn’t expand in their tightly fit digestive system.

This fish is a popular dorsal fin free variety epiphany reached as a desirable breeding aesthetic. Lionhead goldfish can be found for sale easily online, in pet stores, and at superstores across America.

There is no doubt that is artistic breeding statement is interesting to look at in the aquarist tank, or as one of the heartier fancy goldfish that can be in outdoor water gardens in some temperatures.

They have a double caudal fin that is expansive, but still lends to the overall compact look of what is considered the standard for the lionhead goldfish breeding expression currently.The look includes having the caudal fins turn perpendicular to the body where the fins meet the body of the goldfish.

The lionhead growth looks mostly like a section of a raspberry that is actually part of the goldfishes head. Often this distinction is about the creatures face. It is not however, as protrusive as the growth anomalies bred for in Pompom Goldfish.

Depending on the breeding complications in the bloodline the growth may or may not be so extreme as to impede the goldfishes vision.This is the main defining point between various Lionhead sub-varieties. There is also a long finned variety that somewhat uncommon.

This head growth can continue to grow in some breed lines until the fish in no longer able to see around it. This head growth often takes a year to appear. Males also can shed this mane from time to time.

This fish is not a fast swimmer so placing it in with non-light dependent goldfish (blind goldfish), gives this variety and equal chance at reaching the food. These non-light dependent or visually impaired fish are Celestial, Globe Eye, Telescope Eye, Water Bubble Eye, Lionchu, Ranchu goldfish, as-well-as a few others.

Lionhead goldfish can grow up to ten inches, or more. To ensure that they have a chance to get that big matching them to water gardens, front walk ponds, & tanks with fifteen gallons or more is ideal when they are not in an outdoor pond during our cold American winter.

The modern Lionchu is the result of rafflesgold.com. This Thailand based aquarist society did not intent to reinvent the wheel. They bred their goldfish for what seem natural to them with regard to aesthetic desire.

Prior to 2006 lionchu were gaining popularity. This deliberate breeding of lionheads and ranchus was not yet being taken seriously. Judging aquarist societies were not allowing this most evolutionary of creative hobbyist sports to evolve.

It’s not like the breeding of fish is along the lines of the society for creative acronyms: The SCA is known for all its participating expressions to be period to the year 1600 or prior.

In a similar way as doing something SCA Period or not: In modern times the SCA is considered the largest martial arts group in the world. And in some weekend battle events they have been known to draw as many ten thousand combatants pre side. period like creating meed without any modern ingredients or equipment including how the bees are bred and kept: Certain aquarist gold fish societies only began to take Lionchu breeders seriously when it was found out that in 1800 a line of lionchus were in vogue among breeders in Japan. This breed was called shishigashira ranchu. That is lionheaded ranchu to you.

Lionchu Swimming In Tank Video

These shishigashira ranchu actually had bumps on the back of the fish. These bumps were located where the dorsal fin was supposed to be bred out. This to modern shishigashira ranchu breeders is an indicator that the earlier attempts in the 19^th century had not perfected the breeding out of the dorsal fin at the time of their historical record.

Being the Japanaphiles that they are, (not that this is a bad thing, it is however, a thing), Goldfish aquarist societies decided to include the Lionchu in the ranks of what is acceptable breeding. This acceptance wasbased on the discovery of the lionchus historic significance circa period 1800.

Many goldfish breeders do love the lionchus they create: Or continue to encourage onto new generations in optimzed indoor and outdoor water gardens, tanks and summer time ponds across America.

A ryukin is as long and appears fat. Fat in the way that some kinds of strong men are rounded but obviously muscled to the core.

Because of this shape the swim bladder of the fish is prone to infection. Keeping the nitrate level below 20ppm is ideal.

If the fish is upside down, (facing the bottom of the tank, pond, or water garden), or floating about this is a very strong sign that the infection is bad.

The shape of the body as well as the size proportions of the fins make them awesome swimmers, displacing a lot of water for there size as they go. Think wing span of a hawk, verses its body size.

The dorsal fin of the fish makes it look a lot less compact than it would without the genetic feature.

These fish come in rich brown, white, read, green, light green, blue, red (the original ryukin color), red and white combos.

The tails can vary from short, to long.

The calico ryukin have smaller humps that the other varieties.

Other than the caudel fin the other fins about the ryukin’s body configuration is specific. Each set it an even pair: Anal fins, ventral fins, and pectoral fins should all match evenly if this is to be a true competition worthy ryukin.

These fish are great companions of many goldfish varieties, except the very fancy varieties.

To sustain them in a living environment they need roughly twenty gallons of water minimum which outdoor water gardens and ponds usually exceed.

Ammonia is a problem with these fish. If you over crowd them, your tank will die.

Soak fish food before hand so it doesn’t bloat in there systems and seriously hurt them.

Ryukin are interesting fish that bring a tinge of delight to every home made water way they inhabit.

The fantail is the American breed variety for the ryukin bred in Japan. The breeders who created this variety were trying to create ryukin. As a result, the fantail was developed.

The fantail has a long quadruple fin. They can have telescope eyes or what humans consider to be more natural looking eye configuration and development.

Unlike the ryukin the fins around the body of the fantail are not as developed. They also do not have the pronounced hump that the ryukin are known for.

Narcreous and metallic scales are common.

These fish survive best in water that is from 55ºF to 70ºF. That is a comfort range 13ºC to 21ºC.

Fantails are often orange, red, chocolate (same call it bronze), and calico in coloration.

To arrive at this selected for artistic epiphany goldfish in the fantail line are produced in large numbers ranging into the hundreds if not more to find a breed pair among several generations. This often means breeding grand parents with grand children or other such combination to avoid unwanted features from continuing to manifest in the bloodline. This included the unique take on the egg like roundness of what is now commonly seen as a well bred fantail goldfish.

These fantail goldfish are considered part of the fancy goldfish breeding tradition.

Japanese breeder think tanks discovered, through research and experimentation, this ranchu breed devised from the various lionhead goldfish variety stocks.

The descending arch of the ranchu is more pronounced than most other goldfish varieties and types.

This downward arch is definitely more pounced than the origin stocks or any of the lionhead breeds.

They remind you of shoulder muscles being flexed by children in the mirror to imitate body builders posing with dynamic tension.

Some of the other features that set these ranchu apart are that they have short tails, and a stomach area that takes up 5/8^th to 3/4^th of the fish.

They are more egg shaped than not. And they looked like a very bulked up body building version of the otherwise sleek goldfish.

This bulky look is also visually an effect of the fish simply not having a dorsal fin.

Ranchu look like the bald muscled version of this fish. It might be one of the reasons why the collective Japanese breeding eye sees them as the King of goldfish.

Most ranchu come in orange, black and gray.

And indeed they look like the sumo of goldfish.

In fact the bramble heads on the head of the ranchu support this likeness well beyond that of an aquarist writers initial assumptions.

Many people the world over see this same correlation.

The bramble-heads remind many breeders and breeding societies world wide of the funny hairdos of sumo wrestlers. This further adds to the comparison.

The ranchu is considered strong, yet out of shape do to fatness, as are the respected sumo.

Both the sumo and the ranchu represent traditional thoughts on esthetic.

Size, in balance will impose realities of massive circles and squares. This is viewed as a strong attribute of both the ranchu and the sumo as they move with proportional harmony will graceful force.

Bruce first took the record of the longest fancy goldfish on record in 2002.

This fish is not of the variety that will survive the winter ice surface crust if there is not enough oxygen. Some hardy varieties of fancy goldfish will, as well as common and wild varieties. But Oranda is no among them.

In the winter they need to be brought indoors: Although, they can live in an unheated aquarium.

It is important to note that most countries have made the sale of goldfish bowls illegal.

It has been discovered internationally that much like lawn darts, there bowls do more harm than good.

De oxygenation and ammonia nitrate poisoning almost always kills the fish and sends it into the next dimension suffering.

Of course this is a shock to adults and children who most likely viewed the creature as apet. Pets, we all know, are adopted family members.

When bringing and Oranda or any goldfish, or pond fish in for the winter remember that fish bowls are not an option. A tank with a filter is mandatory due to necessity.

Chromatophores are cells in goldfish that produce diverse pigment in different kinds of light. Using different kinds of light some colors of the fish will change. If you leave your oranda or other goldfish in the dark too long they will loose their interesting coloring and turn gray.

If you want grey oranda shaped goldfish that is your receipt. But the gray trait is not often as desired as the diverse coloring.

Oranda have a very interesting head, body, and fins that billow like tails on a kite rolling with the wave of the wind.

This similarity is not surprising since really fish do fly just like kites and birds it the current of water; the substance that they also breathe.

Their bodies look like strength power lifters, bulky round and strong.

The red cap variety look like they have hair on their head. They do not have hair, it just looks like a bowl cut.

Comets as well as all goldfish are descended from one version of the dark gray and brown carp. In all there are 300 varieties with the comet varieties being the most common.

Comet goldfish are part of the family Cyprinid.

A comets shape and often mostly one color of firie red to orange as well as having a single tail define them as a gold fish sub type.

It is said that the original comet variety was bred in the United States in the 1800s.

The fins of this variety of man made mutation are longer than that of the common gold fish. These fins are not the longest of all goldfish varieties that have been bred through mutation practices designed to create show fish of one ideal aesthetic, or another.

Comets tend to be more reddish than the commons that tend to be more orange. Due to this color lean it is easy to see why the more forked tail of the two man made varieties is the strain that produces the sarassa comet configuration.

The origin of the sarassa comet goldfish point of origin variety has more speculation. That means that it is hard to define when this variety and method for arriving at this artistic epiphany was first accomplished.

Comet goldfish come in metallic orange, metallic yellow, metallic red, calico and the a-fore-mentioned sarassa. The Sarassa are noted by there red or white cap mark on otherwise red or white body.

Some experts include calico the make up of the comet variety. This could be due to breeding the calico variety with these other comet varieties. A breeding that results in a variety of calico colored goldfish with the morphology of the comet variety.

Some people feel that the calico varieties were the result of man made mutations off of mutations that have been bred by mankind many generations apart from any comet stock. Or, that they were the result of mankind induced in-breeding that was more selective and complex than is visible in the immediate comet varieties.

As a result of reintroducing into the comet bloodline the strongly breed for calico coloring in other goldfish strains, sought after by man; the calico comet is possible according to some calico breeders.

Pond Comet goldfish are the main source of pond entertainment apart from the common wild variety goldfish.

The big round eyes and billowy tail signify a natural strength. Their ordinary look is eclectic, even eccentric to us.

In a water garden they stand out from the other shapes of gold fish.

These creatures add to the diversity of the water garden pond.

The fact that they only come in this color adds to this diversity. If an enthusiast wants this shape and special personality swimming in their water garden, they will have to be satisfied with the black coloring. Black Moor goldfish only come in black.

This black coloring can be a strong accent among the other vibrant coloring of all the fish in a water garden pond. The long body and minor globed eyes that symmetrically pop out to pepper the mobile goings on in the pond serve as accents.

Like a canvas that is set using textures, many enthusiasts pick and choose traits to decorate the ornateness of the look.

The tails of black moor are billowy. Although they are not as billowy as other gold fish, if the interchangeable heel that has the black moor in it has a tail that imitates this flowing grace, the heel will look even cooler.

The real black moor once upon a time had vein tails, in the English variety. But in the 1930s this mutation fell extinct falling back into contemporary again.

The tails of black moor are diverse still. The butterfly and ribbon variety still proliferate black moor populations world wide.

The opinionated fade is in favor of the double caudel fin with lobes that are forked and rounded; with all the other fins in perfect symmetry. The competitive prejudice states that the dorsal fin should be 1/3^rd to 5/8^th the length of the black moors body.

The black moor eyes telescope to the side. They are not as pronounced as the globed eyes of the globe eye gold fish. The telescoping of the celestial goldfish is angled upward distinguishing the black moor as the black gold fish with eyes that telescope to the sides.

Black moors have a hard time seeing food. If you are going to keep them outdoors, then do so with fish whom also have visual handicaps. This will insure that the food distribution is balanced among all the fish.

With these goldfish and other fancy goldfish such as celestial, and bubble eye choose aquatic plants that do not have abrupt leaf ends. This helps the fish from becoming injured.

These great creatures are the moving independent shadows of water gardens, both outdoor and indoor ponds across America and around the globe.

Unlike the London breed they are not designed to be like common goldfish.

They are also not like the American Shubunkin that is designed to be very much like the comet goldfish.

Traditional Shubunkin were first created as a blood line in Japan of 1900. The creator was Mr. Akiyama.

These Carrasius auratus var (the scientific name) were the result of breeding fancy tail and globe eyes with a wild goldfish. Then selecting for the desired calico.

This would explain the heartiness of an inbred fancy fish. A smart move on the part of the breeder that knows that this type of breeding for abnormalities often produces weak genetically defective fish.

It would seem logical that before breeding for even further oddity through coupling parent fish with offspring fish; when they have the same visual trait that infusing a healthy quotient of genetic material back into the mix helps the mutation come about in a more healthy and humane manner.

For coloration variety in these fish, leaving them outdoors exposed to the sunlight is the best practice.

It has up to this point in history been harder to ship this blood line. So the resulting recreation of the breeding process occurred. This resulted in the American, Bristol, and London Shubunkin offerings.

In China these fish are called Chuwen-Chin. The Hong Kongian English term for these animals is Variegated Swallow Tail.

Goldfish grow to fit the size of the tank they live in.

When they are properly cared for they will mix and mingle with the koi, gambusia affinis, and the lengthy ill fated plecostomus. A single goldfish will out live the temperature sensitive plecostomous generation after generation for many years to come.

There are ten basic varieties of goldfish that are used in water gardens and ponds around America.

These are: comet, shubukin, fantail, black moor, ryukin, oranda, lionhead, rachu, bubble eye, and pearlscale.

The most common of these in the taste of people tends to be the comet variety.

These ten have sub-varieties such as the red and calico variety of the fantail.

Of the varieties that make up the comet species the sarassa tend to pull in the eye of most water garden pet fish collectors.

Goldfish are great an attractive part of water gardens, and ponds as well as the indoor versions that imitate them within the cultured America.

This book provides over 690 color pictures. This photos are the most vibrant pictures in print of this diverse and colorful water garden fish.

Each aqualog book is written to be a reference for each fish, and also include each breeding form.

The code numbering system in the book, keeps variants from being confused or over looked. This code system covers every known or newly discovered fish and is clear to reference local names in such a way as to not accidentally cover the same fish variety, or in this case, goldfish variety more than once.

All newly discovered species are published and send out as supplements. This self adhesive picture can be applied to the black pages intentionally attached to the back of your book in the initial book publishing.

This Goldfish and Fancy Goldfish book is 160 pages long to date. The publisher is Hollywood Import & Export, Inc.